Climate change is a Global problem arising out of historical emissions of greenhouse gases starting with industrial development in developed countries. Internationally countries are coordinating actions under United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and its Kyoto Protocol 2nd Commitment Period and Paris Agreement to combat climate change.

National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC) comprises of eight Missions namely -
National Solar Mission (NSM); National Mission on Enhanced Energy Efficiency (NMEEE); National Mission on Sustainable Habitat (NMSH); National Water Mission (NWM); National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture (NMSA); National Mission for Sustaining the Himalayan Ecosystem (NMSHE); Green India Mission (GIM); and National Mission on Strategic Knowledge for Climate Change (NMSKCC), which address issues relating to mitigation and adaptation to combat the adverse impacts of climate change on the environment, forests, habitat, water resources and agriculture. It outlines a number of steps to simultaneously advance India's development and climate change related objectives of adaptation and mitigation.

All the missions are institutionalized by respective nodal ministries/departments and are under various stages of implementation. Funds are allocated for the missions, as a part of annual budgetary allocations, by respective Ministries.

Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change is implementing two Central Sector Schemes namely, Climate Change Action Programme (CCAP) and National Adaptation Fund for Climate Change (NAFCC).

The objective of NAFCC is to fund concrete adaptation projects/ programmes aligned with the relevant Missions under NAPCC and the State Action Plans on Climate. Change based on climate scenario and vulnerability analysis and build capacity of stakeholders to adapt to climate change through various initiatives and lesson learning. The total allocation towards NAFCC for remaining period 2017-2020 (ending on 31st March, 2020) is Rs. 364 Crore. Till date, 27 projects with the total project cost of Rs. 673.61 crores have been approved under NAFCC.

Climate Change Action Programme (CCAP) is in operation since 2014. The objective of the scheme is to create and strengthen the scientific and analytical capacity for assessment of climate change in the country, putting in place appropriate institutional framework for scientific and policy initiatives and implementation of climate change related actions in the context of sustainable development. The key activities of the scheme include Coordination of National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC), State Action Plan on Climate Change (SAPCC), National Carbonaceous Aerosols Programme (NCAP), Long Term Ecological Observatories (LTEO) for Climate Change Studies, International negotiations and contributions and Capacity Building, etc. The total allocation towards funds for 2017-2020 (ending on 31st March 2020) is Rs. 132.40 crores.