It definitely cannot be ever taken for granted that none other than the Allahabad High Court which is the biggest court not just in India but in whole of Asia in a most learned, laudable, logical, landmark and latest judgment titled Vivek Kumar Maurya vs State Of UP And 3 Others in Criminal Misc. Bail Application No. - 23551 of 2023 and whose Neutral Citation No. is 2023:AHC:151058 and cited in 2023 LiveLaw (AB) 237 that was pronounced as recently as on July 27, 2023 has minced just no words to hold that genuine cases of such sexual offences are now an exception.

It was also clearly pointed out by the Court that since girls/women have the upper hand when it comes to the protection of the law, they easily succeed in implicating a boy or man in such cases. It is most important to note that the Allahabad High Court also noted that a large number of cases are coming in courts wherein girls and women take undue advantage by lodging FIRs on false allegations after indulging in a long physical relationship with the accused. It cannot be just glossed over that in this regard, we find that the Allahabad High Court was of the firm view that treating all the wild allegations in FIR as gospel truth without keeping an eye on the ground realities by judicial officers is causing lots of injustice to such men. This must stop henceforth and Centre must enact law providing for jail term of minimum one year and huge fine on such women and her relatives who dare to lodge false FIR after having long physical relationship with the accused.

At the very outset, this most remarkable, robust, refreshing and rational judgment authored by the Single Judge Bench comprising of Hon’ble Mr Justice Siddharth of the Allahabad High Court sets the ball in motion by first and foremost putting forth in para 2 that:
The instant bail application has been filed on behalf of the applicant, Vivek Kumar Maurya, with a prayer to release him on bail in Case Crime No. 143 of 2020, under Sections 363, 366, 376, 323, 504, 506, 354, 354-A IPC and 3/4 POCSO Act Police Station Sarnath, District Varanasi, during pendency of trial.

As we see, the Bench then discloses in para 3 that:
There are allegations of abduction of minor girl with intent to marry, commission of offence of rape, beating, threatening, outraging her modesty, sexual harassment and penetrative sexual assault against the applicant.

To put things in perspective, the Bench then while elaborating on the facts of the case envisages in para 4 of this brilliant judgment that:
There is allegation in the First Information Report that prosecutrix, resident of Varanasi, was made to enter into physical relationship with applicant for about one year on false promise of marriage, when she was student of B.SC., Part-1. Whenever prosecutrix talked to applicant about their marriage he used to avoid her request. On 3.5.2019, when prosecutrix was going to college, applicant enticed her from the way at 7 a.m in the morning and took her to Delhi at his aunt’s place where he made physical relationship with her. Father of the prosecutrix gave an application at the police station on 4.5.2019 about her abduction by applicant. Thereafter the father and mother of the applicant pressurised the father and mother of prosecutrix and they threatened them of life in case they made any statement before the police against their son, the applicant. Therefore, father of prosecutrix withdrew the compliant made to the police on 7.5.2019 and prosecutrix was dropped back to her house by the applicant and co-accused persons, but the activities of the applicant did not changed. Again whenever there was no one in the house of the prosecutrix applicant used to come and make physical relationship with prosecutrix by extending false promise of marriage. On 27.8.2019 at 8 a.m applicant took the prosecutrix to the registrar and got their marriage registered.

Thereafter he took the prosecutrix to Lucknow where he made physical relationship with her. After four days he again made physical relationship with prosecutrix and brought her to a dharamshala in Mugalsarai and repeated the same act. Next day he took her to a room situated in Lanka, Varanasi; then to house of his Mama at Maduwadeeh where he repeated the same offence against her. At her Mama’s place he compelled her to make physical relationship with his cousin (Mamas’ son) also. When the aforesaid son of his Mama touched her inappropriately she raised alarm, thereafter applicant and son of his mama abused and beated her. Applicant stated that he has married her only to physical enjoyment. Thereafter applicant asked her to go away otherwise she will be killed by giving her poison. Applicant called his father, uncle and brother, who are co-accused, and all of them abused her and sexually molested her. They beated her and dropped her in injured condition on the road at 11 p.m on 5.9.2019.

The passers-by helped her and she called her mother and she took her to her house. Thereafter she was treated at home by her mother by home made medicines. On 6.9.2019 accused persons came again to her house and threatened the prosecutrix and her family of life, if she makes any complaint to the police. On 18.2.2020 again co-accused persons came to her house and abused her and asked her family to leave their village and go away. Thereafter the First Information Report was lodged on 9.3.2020 with regard to the incident dated 3.5.2019 by the prosecutrix herself.

Do note, the Bench notes in para 9 that:
After hearing the submissions of learned counsel for the parties, it appears that First Information Report has been lodged on the basis of false allegations and incorrect facts. The prosecutrix has not fully supported the allegations made in the First Information Report in her statement recorded under section 164 Cr.P.C. The allegation regarding the offences committed by cousin of applicant (Mama’s son) is missing in her statement. New allegation has been made that the co-accused family members of applicant compelled her to make signatures on blank paper. The marriage of the prosecutrix and applicant was registered. No divorce, dissolution of marriage or judicial separation of couple through court has taken place.

Most significantly, the Bench minces just no words to make it indubitably clear in para 10 that:
This court finds that large number of cases are coming in courts wherein girls and women take undue advantage by lodging First Information Report on false allegations after indulging in long physical relationship with the accused. The time has come that courts should be very cautious in considering such bail applications. The law is heavily biased against males. It is very easy to make any wild allegations in First Information Report and implicate anyone on such allegations as in the present case.

Most forthrightly, the Bench candidly acknowledges in para 12 stating that:
The lodging of the FIR is being done invariably by giving a written application at the police station which is always fraught with danger of the false implication like in the present case. Such applications are drafted by experts in courts or the Munshi/Head clerk in police station. The experts are aware of the ingredients of each and every provisions of penal law. They incorporate the allegations in such a way so that accused may not be able to get even bail easily and early. Just a cursory glance at allegations made in the First Information Report is sufficient for the court to throw the file, without any application of mind further. The State of affairs has gained alarming proportion. An honestly written First Information Report is very short and is shorn of any unnecessary and false allegation. This is the test, but it is seldom realised.

It is worth noting that the Bench notes in para 13 that:
The culture of openness being spread by social media, movies, T.V. shows, etc., is being imitated by adolescent/young boys and girls but when their conduct comes in conflict with Indian social and family norms and it comes to protecting the honour of the family of the girl and the honour of girl, such maliciously false First Information Reports are lodged. Such First Information Reports are also lodged when after living in live-in-relationship for sometime/long time, dispute takes place between the boy and girl on any issue. Nature of partner unfolds before the other partner with time and then whey they realize that their relationship cannot continue for life, trouble starts. Since girls/women have upper hand when it comes to protection of law, they succeed easily in implicating a boy or man in the case like of the present nature. The traditional perception of such crimes has become irrelevant. The effect of social media, movies, etc., in raising the awareness level of adolescents and loss of innocence at comparatively younger age is clearly discernible. The traditional presumption of innocence has given way to an untimely loss of innocence resulting in unforseen deviant behaviour of adolescents which the law never contemplated earlier. Law is dynamic concept and it requires a re-look in such matters very drastically.

Truth be told, the Bench observes in para 14 that:
This court is finding that genuine cases of such sexual offences are now exception. The general rule is of false implication in cases of sexual offences. Implication in case of sexual offence is a sure shot way of punishment before trial. Bails are normally not granted easily and early. In cases where implication is made under POCSO Act situation become worse. Incarceration of accused in jail for few months or for years is certain. Training of judicial officers in their training institute is still in line with the old concept of bail in cases of sexual offences. The treating of all the wild allegation in F.I.R as gospel truth without keeping eye on the ground realities is causing lots of injustice.

Most commendably, we see truth being laid bare by the Bench by propounding in para 15 that:
The courts and judges are part of the society. What is happening in society should always be kept in mind while applying law. Wherever an offence takes place, the expert (mostly lawyer in district court or munshi/head clerk of police station) is consulted. He enquires about the family members of an accused, his influential friends and well wishers, local and also stationed outside. He also enquires whether the informant side has enmity with someone or with whom it wants to settle score. Then the expert implicates all those with whom the informant/complainant has other grievances, not connected the offence being complained whatsoever, since the lodging of complaint/F.I.R against all enemies in one stroke is encashed as an opportunity.

Their roles are so meticulously shown in the F.I.R that even the most experienced of the judges falter. For the courts at district level, it is quite hazardous to grant bail in matters of such serious and meticulously made allegations because of fear of disciplinary proceedings by the higher courts. This is one of the reasons why the district courts refuse to grant even bail, not to say about granting of acquittal in most of the cases only because of the seriousness of allegations. Whether allegations are prima facie credible or are proved or not is not very relevant at their level. They just get rid themselves of such cases by refusing to grant relief, which is also part of their training at the very threshold of joining of their service in their training institute. This is how the injustice gets perpetrated because of the role of expert who drafts the F.I.R/complaint. In case the honest statement of complainant/informant is recorded in writing by the officer-in-charge of the police station soon after the incident and the role of expert get excluded in lodging of report, cases of false implication will come down.

While taking potshots at prosecutrix version of rape, the Bench hastens to add in para 16 stating that:
Now coming back to the present case this court finds that main allegation in the opening part of the First Information Report is regrading entering of applicant in physical relationship with prosecutrix on false promise of marriage. This allegation stands falsified when in the later part of the FIR the prosecutrix admitted that the applicant entered into court marriage with her.

It cannot be lost sight of that the Bench then mentions in para 18 that:
The conduct of the prosecutrix of repeatedly eloping from her parental home with applicant and going to Delhi, Lucknow, Mughalsarai and to the places of relatives of the applicant shows that she was a consenting party all through. After court marriage the applicant took her to the places of his relatives for social acceptance of their marriage but thereafter something went wrong between them which led to the implication of applicant in this case.

Simply put, the Bench discloses in para 19 that:
At all the places where the applicant took the prosecutrix she admits entering into physical relationship with the applicant without any element of coercion before and after her court marriage, therefore her consent was not covered under Section 90 of IPC, nor physical relationship made by applicant with prosecutrix will come under the definition of rape as per Section 375 IPC. Here, the promise of marriage forming basis of physical relationship between couple was honoured by applicant, which is admitted in FIR itself.

Be it noted, the Bench notes in para 20 that:
The allegations of her physical torture are not supported by any medical report. In the FIR it is alleged that the injuries of prosecutrix were treated by her mother at home. This also proves the meticulous drafting of FIR by an expert. There cannot be any evidence of treatment at home, but to justify implication under Section 323 IPC such an allegation was made.

What’s more, the Bench then observes in para 21 that:
Keeping in view the nature of the offence, evidence, complicity of the accused; submissions of the learned counsel for the parties noted above; finding force in the submissions made by the learned counsel for the applicant; keeping view the uncertainty regarding conclusion of trial; one sided investigation by police, ignoring the case of accused side; applicant being undertrial having fundamental right to speedy trial; larger mandate of the Article 21 of the Constitution of India; considering the dictum of Apex Court in the recent judgment dated 11.07.2022 of the Apex Court in the case of Satendra Kumar Antil vs. C.B.I., passed in S.L.P (Crl.) No. 5191 of 2021; considering 5-6 times overcrowding in jails over and above their capacity by the under trials and without expressing any opinion on the merits of the case, the Court is of the view that the applicant has made out a case for bail. The bail application is allowed.

In sum, it is high time and Centre and so also law makers must pay heed to what the Allahabad High Court has held in this leading case so elegantly, eloquently and effectively on the genuine cases of sexual offences now being reduced to just an exception. It thus merits no reiteration that women who have long physical relations with accused should not be allowed to file rape cases later as they are prima facie blatant misuse of law meant for safety of women which should not be allowed to be misused with impunity by women! No denying it!

Sanjeev Sirohi, Advocate,
s/o Col (Retd) BPS Sirohi, A 82, Defence Enclave,
Sardhana Road, Kankerkhera, Meerut - 250001, Uttar Pradesh